Climate Change Predicted to Shift Avalanche Dynamics in Switzerland by 2100
Climate change in Switzerland is projected to lead to fewer dry snow avalanches and an increase in wet snow avalanches by 2100. Warming temperatures are expected to elevate the snow line and reduce overall avalanche frequency, although extreme snowfall events may still trigger significant avalanches at higher altitudes. Researchers recommend safety measures such as closing ski resorts in hazardous areas.
Climate change is projected to significantly alter avalanche dynamics in Switzerland by the year 2100. Researchers from the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research (SLF) anticipate a reduction in the number of dry snow avalanches, while warnings indicate a rise in wet snow avalanches, predominantly above the tree line. Wet snow avalanches occur when layers of snow become moistened due to melting or rainfall, which is expected to become more common under warmer winter conditions. The increase in average winter temperatures, estimated to rise by approximately five degrees Celsius by 2100, is expected to contribute to this shift. As temperatures rise, avalanches may occur less frequently in valley areas due to an elevated snow line, leading to diminished snowfall. Nevertheless, extreme snowfall events are anticipated to continue, potentially resulting in larger avalanches at higher elevations. These avalanches, depending on their behavior, may still reach valley bottoms as they do currently. The findings reported by the SLF were derived from studies conducted at seven Swiss locations, including notable sites such as Weissfluhjoch, situated above Davos, and another observation point at an elevation of 2,700 meters near Zermatt. This research holds relevance not only for Switzerland but also for other alpine regions and mountain ranges with analogous climatic conditions, such as Canada’s Columbia Mountains. In conclusion, safety measures such as temporarily closing ski resorts located in hazardous zones are critically important as the risk of wet snow avalanches increases. Researchers emphasize that direct action is necessary to mitigate these evolving risks in response to climate change.
The article discusses the predicted impacts of climate change on avalanche behavior in Switzerland, as researched by the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research (SLF). With climate projections indicating a comprehensive warming trend, distinct changes in avalanche occurrence and severity are anticipated, influencing both safety protocols and regional winter sports activities.
In summary, climate change is expected to result in a decrease in dry snow avalanches while increasing the frequency of wet snow avalanches by 2100. This scenario necessitates the implementation of effective safety measures, such as the closure of ski resorts in at-risk areas, to navigate the challenges posed by changing winter conditions. The broader implications of these findings extend beyond Switzerland to other mountainous regions facing similar climatic changes.
Original Source: www.swissinfo.ch
