Türkiye’s Diplomatic Achievement: The Ankara Declaration in the Horn of Africa
Türkiye successfully brokered the Ankara Declaration between Ethiopia and Somalia, easing regional tensions and addressing critical issues including troop presence and Somaliland’s quest for recognition. The agreement highlights Türkiye’s growing influence and diplomatic effectiveness in the Horn of Africa, amid complex geopolitical rivalries involving the UAE and Egypt.
In a significant diplomatic development, Türkiye facilitated the signing of the Ankara Declaration on December 11, 2023, aimed at alleviating rising tensions between Ethiopia and Somalia. This treaty emerges amidst a backdrop of escalating regional instability, particularly following Ethiopia’s controversial Memorandum of Understanding with Somaliland, which promises recognition in exchange for access to the strategically vital Berbera port. The Ankara Declaration not only addresses the contentious presence of Ethiopian troops in Somalia but also opens avenues for negotiations regarding port access, thus altering the regional power dynamics in favor of Türkiye.
The alliance solidified through this declaration could bolster Türkiye’s influence in the Horn of Africa, a region where it has historically invested heavily, including establishing its largest military base in Mogadishu. As various nations commenced aligning their interests, Türkiye has managed to maintain a neutral stance, presenting itself as a mediator. The ongoing tensions were further exacerbated by the UAE’s investments in Somaliland and the subsequent responses from Somalia and Egypt, which formed an anti-Ethiopia coalition to counterbalance this new geopolitical reality. As the international landscape shifts, the Ankara Declaration represents not just a bilateral agreement but a strategic maneuver in the geopolitical chess game within the Horn of Africa.
The backdrop to the Ankara Declaration involves complex relationships and historical rivalries in the Horn of Africa. Ethiopia’s ties with Somaliland represent a shift that challenges Somalia’s sovereignty, sparking fears of an extended proxy conflict reminiscent of Cold War dynamics. This situation has drawn in various regional players, each with vested interests, including the UAE’s significant investments in Somaliland and Egypt’s efforts to limit Ethiopia’s regional influence. The geopolitical implications of these actions necessitate careful navigation, making Türkiye’s role as a broker crucial for stability in the region.
The Ankara Declaration exemplifies Türkiye’s diplomatic acumen in navigating intricate regional disputes while enhancing its influence in the Horn of Africa. By addressing pressing issues surrounding Ethiopian troops and the Somaliland question, Türkiye has positioned itself as a key player in facilitating a more stable relationship between Ethiopia and Somalia. As tensions remain high, the true impact of this accord will depend on the commitment of all parties involved to uphold its principles and further engage in constructive dialogue.
Original Source: www.orfonline.org
