Syria’s Interim President Signs Constitution Establishing Islamist Rule for Five Years

Syrian interim president Ahmad Al-Sharaa signed a temporary constitution on March 13, 2025, establishing Islamist rule for five years. This development follows the overthrow of Bashar Assad by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS). The constitution retains some previous provisions but includes guarantees for freedom of expression. The future political landscape, including a new permanent constitution and international relations, remains uncertain.

On March 13, 2025, Syria’s interim president, Ahmad Al-Sharaa, signed a temporary constitution, establishing Islamist governance for a transitional period of five years. This arrangement follows the overthrow of former leader Bashar Assad by the Islamist faction, Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS). Despite the excitement surrounding Assad’s removal, there is notable apprehension among religious and ethnic minorities regarding the new authorities’ control over their regions.

The decision to repeal the existing constitution was made during a meeting among the armed groups involved in the insurgency, led by Al-Sharaa, a former HTS leader. This newly signed constitution will build on certain principles from its predecessor, including stipulations that necessitate the head of state to be a Muslim and that Islamic law will serve as the primary source of jurisprudence. However, provisions guaranteeing freedom of expression and press rights are also included.

The formation of a new committee to draft a permanent constitution is anticipated, though its inclusiveness regarding Syria’s diverse political and ethnic backgrounds remains uncertain. Al-Sharaa has recently made a significant agreement with Kurdish-led authorities, establishing a ceasefire and integration of security personnel with the national government.

One fundamental objective of the interim constitution is to establish a clear timeline for a political transition from the current provisional governance. Al-Sharaa indicated that the process of rewriting the constitution could take up to three years, and organizing elections might extend for five years. Critics assert that recent national dialogue efforts were insufficiently representative of Syria’s various communities.

Internationally, the U.S. and European countries continue to maintain sanctions against Syria, awaiting assurances that incoming leaders will foster an inclusive political framework and protect minority rights. The current administration is urging for a reassessment of these sanctions to stave off further economic deterioration and instability.

In conclusion, the signing of Syria’s temporary constitution marks a significant shift in governance, transferring power to Islamist leadership for five years. While this has garnered mixed reactions, particularly from minorities who remain skeptical, the new administration aims to create a distinct political transition pathway. The involvement of international actors in reconsidering sanctions and fostering inclusion will be crucial to ensure stability and unity in post-Assad Syria.

Original Source: apnews.com