Mozambicans in Malawi Seek Cautious Return Following Election Violence

In March 2025, approximately 13,000 Mozambicans sought refuge in Malawi following violent protests post their country’s disputed elections in October 2024. Malawi is initiating voluntary repatriation efforts, challenged by refugees’ fears regarding safety, property losses, and the grim economic climate in Mozambique, as significant infrastructural damage has been reported. Human rights activists emphasize the need for peace and economic stability for successful repatriation.

In March 2025, a humanitarian crisis unfolded as approximately 13,000 Mozambicans fled to Malawi amidst violence surrounding Mozambique’s disputed elections in October 2024, resulting in around 300 fatalities. Mozambican and Malawian officials are initiating repatriation efforts for these refugees. The violence arose when opposition leader Venancio Mondlane accused the ruling Frelimo party’s Daniel Chapo of electoral fraud, leading to intensified protests and social unrest after the Constitutional Council confirmed Chapo’s election as valid.

Most refugees settled in the Nsanje district of southern Malawi, facing perilous journeys through crocodile- and hippopotamus-infested rivers. Basic necessities, including food and medicine, were in short supply in Malawi, an impoverished nation already hosting over 50,000 refugees. Malawi currently grapples with poor harvests due to unfavorable weather patterns resulting from the El Niño phenomenon, raising concerns about increased disease risk during the rainy season.

Moses Mukandawire, a human rights activist, emphasized the importance of peaceful conditions in Mozambique for successful repatriation. He noted historical experiences of hosting Mozambican refugees during the civil war as a foundation for current approaches. Mukandawire stressed that prompt repatriation is crucial for returning Mozambicans to tend to their crops and maintain food security for their families.

Despite assurances from the Mozambican government regarding the protection of returning refugees, some may still face challenges, including property destruction and loss of livestock. Mukandawire acknowledged that without credible assurances of safety and peace, many refugees remain hesitant to return.

Additionally, Mozambique is grappling with the aftermath of post-election violence that severely affected its economy, with significant business closures and infrastructure damage reported. Economic experts underscore the urgent need for stability and a conducive business environment for recovery. Reports indicate that thousands of jobs have been lost, and tax revenue has diminished significantly due to the unrest.

In summary, the plight of Mozambican refugees in Malawi illustrates the substantial impacts of political unrest and violence on civilian populations. Efforts for voluntary repatriation depend heavily on assurances of safety and improved conditions in Mozambique. Furthermore, the economic ramifications of the unrest pose significant barriers to recovery in Mozambique, necessitating strategic governmental action to restore stability and promote growth.

Original Source: www.dw.com